Puritan Depravity and Distrust in Hawthornes Young...

Puritan Depravity and Distrust in Young Goodman Brown Puritan doctrine taught that all men are totally depraved and require constant self-examination to see that they are sinners and unworthy of Gods Grace. Because man had broken the Covenant of Works when Adam had eaten from the Tree of Knowledge, God offered a new covenant to Abrahams people which held that election to Heaven was merely a possibility. In the Puritan religion, believers dutifully recognized the negative aspects of their humanity rather than the gifts they possessed. This shadow of distrust would have a direct influence on early American New England and on many of its historians and writers, one of which was Nathaniel Hawthorne. The influence of†¦show more content†¦Hawthorne sets Young Goodman Brown into a context of Puritan rigidity and self-doubt to allow his contemporary readers to see the consequences of such a system of belief. Hawthornes tale places the newly wed Puritan Brown upon the road to what may or may not be a true conversion experience. The conversion experience - a sudden realization brought about by divine intervention, a vision, or perhaps a dream - easily translates into the dream allegory of Hawthornes work and allows the author to use Puritan doctrine and the history of Salem to argue the merits and consequences of such a belief. Major issues and themes of Puritanism must have been researched and delicately placed into Hawthornes discussion of not only past consequences of Puritan zeal but also on the contemporary religious issue of his own time, the Second Great Awakening. Much like the nighttime witches Sabbath that awaits Goodman Brown, the tent revivals of the 1820s and 1830s could be seen by the questioning Hawthorne as another attempt by the church to sway its membership towards total obedience and faith. The importance placed on this event by Goodman Brown shows the importance plac ed on the conversion experienceShow MoreRelated Young Goodman Brown VS. Paul Essay1045 Words   |  5 Pages Young Goodman Brown vs. Paul nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After studying the short stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and Willa Cather’s â€Å"Paul’s Case†, I began to see many similarities within the two stories. Both of the main characters in each story have characteristics that could be looked at as being alike, but after analyzing each character I started to find that although alike in some aspects, these two characters are very different from one another. At first I noticedRead MoreEssay on Women in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown1724 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and Women  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the attitudes of the young Puritan husband Goodman Brown toward women, of the author toward women, of   other characters in the story toward women? This essay intends to answer that question.    Randall Stewart in â€Å"Hawthorne’s Female Characters† states that there are three types of female characters in Hawthorne’s writings: (1) â€Å"the wholesome New England girl, bright, sensible and self-reliant;† (2) â€Å"the frail, sylph-like creature, easilyRead More Alienation and Moral Dilemma as Portrayed by Nathaniel Hawthorne1869 Words   |  8 PagesSalem, Massachusetts in 1804 during Puritan times. He created many stories that reflect his life experiences growing up as a Puritan. He writes stories that end with a moral that was learned through the struggles of the characters. These characters are almost always faced with a dilemma where they must choose what is right versus what is wrong. Another common theme in his writing is alienation. These concepts can be found in the stories â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† and â€Å"The

Ethics - Bernard Ebbers Conviction - 1394 Words

Initially, my personal values distracted from my ability to sympathize with Bernard Ebbers conviction. His defense team argued that the trial judge wrongly instructed the jury that it could convict Mr. Ebbers on the basis that he engaged in â€Å"conscious avoidance† of the fraud at WorldCom. It is evident that Ebbers took a blind eye to any consideration to analyze the good stuff from the bad stuff in this situation. He failed to calculate the considerations of utility and as a result he is paying the consequences through a substantial decrease in his quality of life. Currently he is serving a 25 year sentence as inmate #56022-054 for 25 years in the Oakdale Federal Correctional Complex in Louisiana. His earliest date to be considered for good†¦show more content†¦Deception, whether intentional or not, did occur. The shareholders had a right to know the financial state of WorldCom. In Ebber’s defense, he had unscrupulous bed fellows on this board. Their intent ions are also at question especially regarding their eagerness to grant Mr. Ebbers a breathtaking loan for $341 million dollar at an interest rate of 2% to shield the instability of the company’s financial situation from shareholders. There were also some concerns whether such loans were ethical from the Security Exchange Commission Enforcement official Seth Taube. He stated that large loans to senior executives are commonly sweetheart deals involving interest rates that constitute a poor return on company assets. Federal prosecutors in New York cited Ebbers s expensive lifestyle, and his overspending, as a motive to hide WorldCom s mounting financial troubles. The impropriety associated with the largest loan any publicly traded company has lent to one of its officers in recent memory is evident. Unfortunately, if Ebbers had pressed the matter and sold his stock, he would have escaped the bankruptcy financially whole, but Ebbers honestly thought WorldCom would recover.† The series of clever manipulations to bury almost $4 billion in misallocated expenses and phony account entries discovered by Cynthia Copper’s team threw open Pandora’s box. Ms. Cooper, a senior line manger, who worked for the WorldCom, CFO,Show MoreRelatedThe Price of Unethical Behavior: A Case Study of Tyco International1932 Words   |  8 Pageshis misdeeds under cover, Kozlowski also bought the silence of corporate executives who happened to be in the know (Geis, 2011). This in some instances he did by organizing for compensation that was significantly oversized. Outcome of Events The conviction of Kozlowski came on the basis that over a period of ten years, he presided over the looting of more than $600 million from Tyco International (Hellriegel and Slocum, 2007). Most of this money was used to fund his lavish lifestyle including butRead MoreWorldcom Case Study16775 Words   |  68 Pagesvalues would they have found themselves in this dilemma or would those values have prevented the situation from happening? In conclusion, the paper will summarize lessons learned by the participants and lessons that the reader can apply to business ethics. Sources of Information At a time when business scandals such as Enron seemed to be at the forefront of the media, Cynthia Cooper and her team took their responsibility for financial reporting to great lengths. The team of three, which consisted ofRead MorePrinciples of Management: MCQ31501 Words   |  127 Pagesmoderate; p. 36) 23. Hugo Munsterberg created the field of social psychology. (True; moderate; p. 36) 24. Mary Parker Follett was the first advocate of the human resources approach to management. (False; moderate; p. 36) 25. Chester Bernard was the first to argue that organizations are open systems. (True; moderate; p. 36) 26. The most important contribution to the field of organizational behavior came from studies conducted by the University of Michigan. (False; moderate;

Dehumanization Of Slavery In Frederick Douglasss...

When looking at the idea the United States emphasizes freedom vs. emphasizing the very real existence of chattel slavery. The issue of slavery in America was not as easily thought as black and white. Mostly, people in the North were opposed to slavery, while the South promoted it. However, many people were indifferent. People in the North could see slavery as neither good nor bad, instead a way of Southern life. Frederick Douglass, knowing the North was home to lots of abolitionists, wrote his narrative â€Å"Narrative of Life† in order to show indifferent people in the north to see slavery as the shameful practice that it is. Douglass focuses on dehumanization of slaves, existence of slavery, and freedom in order to get his point across.†¦show more content†¦When Douglass was a young boy, he witnessed for the first time a slave getting whipped, Douglasss first encounter was of extreme cruelty that slaveholders can have. The slave receiving the whipping is Douglass Au nt Hester. By witnessing this Douglass sees that slaves are treated no better than animals, they lived in continuous fear of being beaten if they did not behave. The issue of freedom is here as well. Do these animals have more freedom then themselves, it seems so. The slave owners dehumanized the slaves with the power of the whip, showing the horrors of traditional slavery and property they have over slaves. Issues of freedom vs being enslaved did not stop with whippings. Douglass has memories when it was time to eat, our food was coarse corn meal boiled. This was called mush. It was put into a large wooded tray or trough, and set down upon the ground. The children were then called, like so many pigs they would come and devour the mush; some with oyster-shells, others with pieces of shingle, some with naked hands, and none with spoons. He that ate the fastest got most; he that was strongest secured the best place; and few left the trough satisfied (Douglass 957). This moment they have of them eating a meal could be that of rats fighting over garbage. This was no way to treat hardworking people that had worked all day long. Douglass experiences the discomforts of hunger and cold during his time as a slave.Show MoreRelatedDehumanization Of Frederick Douglass1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Dehumanization of Slaves and the Black Race of People in America, as Portrayed in the Autobiography Nar rative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and the Television Show Roots   Ã‚  Ã‚   Since the beginning of American history, the black race has been the inferior race during times of slavery and times of freedom for black people. They have had to fight to be seen as legitimate first-class citizens, whether that be through slave uprisings in the pre-civil war era, the civil rights movement in the mid-1900’sRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass : An American Slave1386 Words   |  6 Pagestheir cruelty, so the slavery became like a tumor to parasitize the human society rapidly. With physical and psychological abuse, this â€Å"tumor† tortured every struggling people from day to night. As the insight of a dark history, Frederick Douglass’s â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave† demonstrates the dehumanization of an inhuman society and how slavery could make a man be a salve and make another man be an enslaver and how he resisted this dehumanization. In eighteen andRead MoreDeep In The Forest Of Frederick Douglass’S Autobiography,1034 Words   |  5 Pages Deep in the forest of Frederick Douglass’s autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, the caged bird sings on. The singing slaves in Douglass’s narrative are the caged birds of Maya Angelou’s famous poem, filling the air around them with desire: desire for a freedom so far out of reach—for â€Å"things unknown but longed for still.† In his narrative, Douglass expresses incredulity at the fact that onlookers could hear anything but the deepest sadness in these slave songs. Writes DouglassRead MoreAmerican Romanticism As Portrayed By Walt Whitman s Song Of Myself979 Words   |  4 PagesJesha C. Lor Callis Modern Civ-LIT 3/21/16 Song of myself (1855) Narrative (1845) American Romanticism as portrayed by Walt Whitman’s â€Å"Song of Myself† and Fredrick Douglass’s Narrative American Romanticism focuses on the imagination, emotions and idealized perspectives of the world. Romanticism is in opposition to the forms and conventions of Neoclassical Literature and is a reaction to the Age of reason which preceded Romanticism. Reason was ruled out in this era in place of imagination, individualityRead MoreNarrative Of Life Of Frederick Douglass1271 Words   |  6 Pagesprayed with my legs† This is one of many famous quotes by Frederick Douglass that illustrates that no dream or hope can be achieved without any action. In his autobiography Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass, he outlines his life as a slave and his journey towards freedom through his desire for education. In Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, the story expresses repression that slaves experienced through Douglass’s related experiences as a slave. The obstacles that DouglassRead MoreFrederick Douglass Reflection Essay2012 Words   |  9 PagesThe narr ative of Frederick Douglass is an essential piece in learning of the hardships slaves endured in the pre-civil war era in the United States. Frederick Douglass’s use of diction puts oneself in the place of the slaves and ultimately leads to an intense feeling of disappointment in mankind. One is deeply saddened in learning about how incompetent some slaves were of their position in life. Slaves feared the white population because they didn’t know that there were any whites out in the worldRead More The Dehumanization Process in the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave2204 Words   |  9 PagesThe Dehumanization Process in the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave Throughout American history, minority groups were victims of American governmental policies, and these policies made them vulnerable to barbaric and inhumane treatment at the hands of white Americans. American slavery is a telling example of a government sanctioned institution that victimized and oppressed a race of people by indoctrinating and encouraging enslavement, racism and abuse. This institutionRead MoreFrederick Douglass s Narrative Of The Life1516 Words   |  7 PagesGrant Sumner Dr. Wiewora History 101 04/25/2017 Frederick Douglass To Douglass, freedom is more than merely freedom from the lash and cruel conditions. It also encompasses intellectual and emotional freedom. He sees that true freedom exists in the ability to read and reason and is a mental state; Douglass feels that slavery is not only a practice, but a mindset maintained through those practices. In Douglass’s Narrative of the Life, he maintains that slavery is an abhorrent practice that strips the humanityRead MoreEssay about Dehumanization of Humanity1341 Words   |  6 Pagesright to rule over the earth, plants and animals; rather they were seen as animals themselves. The institution of slavery seemed to alienate the inalienable, enslave the world’s rulers, and dehumanize humanity. While most slaves experienced the dehumanization that slavery thrust upon them, every slave experienced it in a unique and individual fashion. For Fredrick Douglass the dehumanization occurred in a physical fashion, whereas Harriet Jacobs’s object ification was through mental oppression. FredrickRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Fredrick Douglass, An American Slave916 Words   |  4 Pages Narrative of The Life of Fredrick Douglass, an American Slave In Fredrick Douglass’s a narrative, Narrative of The Life of Fredrick Douglass, an American Slave, he narrates an account of his experiences in the dehumanizing institution of slavery. This American institution was strategically formatted to quench any resemblance of human dignity. Throughout, the narration of his life Fredrick Douglas, meticulously illustrates the methodical process that contributed to the perpetual state of slavery

Environmental Sustainability of Oil Palm †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Sustainability of Oil Palm. Answer: Introduction PepsiCo, Inc. is an American multinational corporation engaged in production and distribution of beverages and fast food items. Company was formed in 1965 with the merger with Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay Inc. Since then, PepsiCo is expanding its business and market share across the globe and Tropicana is one of the biggest acquisitions made by company in 1998 and Quaker Oats in 2001. It has been observed that companys every brand is contributing to enhance overall revenues of the organization. Approximately $1 billion revenue is contributed by every brand of PepsiCo since 2012. Company is operating in various parts of the globe along with approximately 3 lacs employees in all global locations (PepsiCo, 2018). Nestle is a Swiss transnational beverage and food manufacturing and distributing company. Since 2014, company is known as the largest company in terms of revenues across the globe. It is headquartered in Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland. Company has been ranked on 64th and on 33rd position by Fortune Global 500 in 2017 and by Forbes Global 2000 list of largest public enterprises in 2016 apiece. Majorly Nestle deals in baby products, tea coffee, bottled water, medical food, confectionary ice cream, snacks, etc. Nestle was formed in 1905 with the merger of Anglo-Swiss Milk Company and Farine Lactee Henri Nestle (Lpez Monfort, 2017). With regards to both these companies, their overall sustainable strategies will be discussed under this report. Corporate sustainability is an approach which leads to showcase long-term survival of the organization to its stakeholders with the help of an effective business strategy. The business strategy implemented within the workplace should consider every aspect in which business operates such as economic, social, environmental, cultural, and in ethical spheres. Adaptation of sustainable strategies is an important concept and it should be done with the view to enhance organizational reliability amongst its target and potential demographics. Apart from this, sustainable strategies are also effective sources for long term survival in the competitive and dynamic business environment. Sustainable Strategies of PepsiCo PepsiCo believes in strong sustainability governance which is the foundation for delivering on our Performance with Purpose (PwP) vision in order to provide long term top-tier financial performance by assimilating the sustainability into business strategies. Apart from this, PepsiCo has accepted sustainability as a part of business practices and in this regard, company also value its shareholders and other stakeholders (PepsiCo, 2018). In order to enhance the effectiveness of their sustainability strategies, PepsiCo has taken an initiative to make a healthier environment around the organization and for this; they are working for creating healthier future for people and for the whole planet. Their Performance with Purpose 2025 agenda is designed to deliver needed change across the company, industry, value chain and the world (Cohen Muoz, 2017). PepsiCo cultivates sustainability from its employee culture. PepsiCo is using its human resource department to integrate the concept of sustainability in firms culture. In order to integrate the concept of sustainability in organization, management hires employees, train them and by providing employee welfare packages to them. PepsiCo hire only educated and talented employees so that they could be trained with sustainable business practices (Sehrawat, 2017). With the help of this, a sense of belonging develops which further leads to an employee welfare package. As a result, companys employees are always motivated which generate positive results for the organization like producing high qualitative products. Along with these practices, PepsiCo is also engaged in ecological manufacturing practices such as diversion of waste from landfills, organic packaging and reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG). These figures describes that PepsiCos each and every manufacturing site is being monitored as well as measured whether it is a outsourced firm or it is a part of internal manufacturing unit. Management of organization tracks on water withdrawals on monthly basis. This is done to enhance the opportunities of sustainable development for organization along with coping up with the sustainability metrics platform. PepsiCos internal self-assessment program to measure water, sanitation and hygiene has been implemented so as to enhance the sustainability in the competitive business environment. Sustainable strategies of Nestle Main motive of Nestle is to provide quality food products to the target and potential customers along with sustainable development. In terms of Nestle, definition of sustainable development is that it is a process through which worlds access could be increased towards higher quality food along with contributing towards long term economic and social development by preserving the natural resources and environment for future generations (Sroufe Joseph, 2017). Company made its corporate business principles in 1998 and then updated in 2002. The updated version of corporate business principles of the organization includes all nine principles of the UN Secretary-Generals Global Compact, regarding labour standards, the environment and human rights (Acquaye, Feng, Oppon, Salhi, Ibn-Mohammed, Genovese Hubacek, 2017). Some of the basic principles and value of Nestle are: Concerned towards long term development instead of short term profits Long term relationships with the stakeholders and commitments Integrated towards diversified cultures Adequate code of conducts and ethical values which helps in proper management of employees (Svensson, Ferro, Hogevold, Padin Sosa Varela, 2018). Providing adequate and all necessary information to the consumers regarding companys products. Comparison of sustainable strategies of PepsiCo and Nestle Both the companies are part of Food and Drink Federation (FDF). This group has developed a series for new sustainability commitments. This series of sustainable commitment is a part of Ambition 2025 document and includes goals related to climate change, packaging, food waste, water, supply chain, transport (Paloviita, 2017). Along with this, this agenda also includes some best practices which need to be followed by every company engaged in this industry with the motive of long term survival in the dynamic and competitive business environment. FDF has created certain new goals which are as follows: Climate Change: Absolute reduction in carbon dioxide emission by 55% till 2025. Food Waste: Reduction in the whole food supply chain from farm to fork. Packaging: Innovation in packaging technology so that packaging could be recycled (He, Ghobadian, Ramanathan Gallear, 2018). Water: Supply of water across the food manufacturing industry will be limited and to reduce the waste of water, appropriate actions will be taken to ensure sustainable water management and reduce the water waste by 20% till 2020 against the wastage of water in 2007 (Appendix 3). Triple Bottom Line Impact Triple Bottom Line is an accounting framework which relates to three aspects such as social (people), environmental (planet) and economical or financial (profit). People concept can be described as per three dimensions i.e. organizational needs, community issues and individual needs. Profit concept describes enhancing sales and revenues so that profitability could be increased. In this concern, focus should be paid over improvisation of customer service along with attracting new customers so as to enhance customer base of the organization. While planet concept can be divided into multitude of subdivisions which are reuse, reduce and recycle. Various organizations use this framework to evaluate its performance in terms of broader perceptive in relation with creating greater business value. Traditionally, frameworks of business were used to evaluate the profit and loss with the help of revenues and expenses statement. Since last 50 years, social justice advocates and environmentalists are struggling to bring a broader concept of bottom line into public consciousness with the help of full cost accounting. For example: if a companys financial statements are showing monetary profits but the raw materials and machineries used by the organization is causing thousands of deaths. Generation of waste is very high in the organization and due to disposition of waste in water, air and land; all natural resources are getting polluted (Gouchev, Knowles, Sharp, Psaltakis Lauro, 2017). Though, organization pays huge taxes to the government which could be utilised for social benefits and for the development purposes. But the bottom line will be how we call it as a full societal benefit analysis. The triple bottom line concept also adds two more bottom lines i.e. social and environmental benefit (Gallego-lvarez Ortas, 2017). Whereas an organization seeking for triple bottom line who is a social enterprise and running business as non-profit organization and engaged in providing opportunities to the handicapped people who are labelled as unemployed so that they could earn a living. With these types of activities, organization is earning a small amount of profit. In this regard, social benefit is a meaningful employment through which societys welfare, environmental protection and corporate social responsibility (Rodger George, 2017). While evaluating PepsiCo and Nestle in triple bottom line concept, it could be evaluated that both these companies fulfils all the three requirements of this framework. Financially, both companies are strong enough, both the companies are doing well towards society and the last factor which is most essential because if natural resources will not be saved today, human life cannot be imagined in future (lvarez, Brcena Gonzlez, 2017). Concept of triple bottom line concept is com mitted towards corporate social responsibility with the help of following: Top-level management (CEO, Board of directors) Programs Policy investment Principles (UN Global Compact-Ceres Principles) Decision Analysis With regards to the sustainability strategies and their requirements, both the companies i.e. PepsiCo and Nestle has fulfilled all basic requirements which have helped them to become a part of Triple Bottom Line framework. This framework helps the companies to analyse their position in terms of financially, socially as well as on the basis of ecologically. Today, motive of the business is more than just earning profits. Every company has to fulfil its responsibilities regarding society. With this view, organization could make a reliable position in the market along with the attainment of their desired goals and objectives (Bals Tate, 2017). Apart from this, corporate success depends upon sustainability strategies practiced by one enterprise that could be able to extend all aspects of the business which includes employees, customers, supplier, and all other stakeholders. Following are the key components of a successful strategy: Sustainability amongst the workplace should be uplifted considering the environmental and social issues. Apart from this, organizational objectives must be designed so that it could be able to fulfil its employees objectives as well. This will lead to attain sustainability goals. Feedback should be taken from companys key stakeholders in relevance with sustainability challenges and towards sustainability practices adopted by the organization. This will help the organization to make its strategies as per the external factors in order to enhance organizational performance (Wei, Alsaadi, Hayat Alsaedi, 2017). Open reporting on sustainability strategies, goals and accomplishments (Della Porta, Jackson, Alessandrino, Rossi, Bacigalupo, van Lint Santini, 2017). Conclusion From the aforesaid evaluation of both the companys sustainability strategies, it has been found that these practices plays significant role in enhancing organizational performance in the competitive and dynamic business environment. With this objective, PepsiCo have started sustainable development campaign since 2006. With regards to the sustainable strategies, both companies ethical and corporate social responsibilities have been discussed in this report. Along with this, triple bottom line concept has been applied within the workplace with the objective of enhancing organizational reliability amongst its target audience. Nestle is committed towards using fresh water resources to produce good quality food products in order to provide customers value for money as well as to build an effective image amongst them. However, PepsiCo is concerned towards creating a healthier future for planet and people around. PepsiCo develops its strategies so that they could grow along with its stakeho lders. They value for their stakeholders but Nestle believes in uplifting organizational performance which will ultimately help stakeholders to get higher returns. References Acquaye, A., Feng, K., Oppon, E., Salhi, S., Ibn-Mohammed, T., Genovese, A., Hubacek, K. (2017). Measuring the environmental sustainability performance of global supply chains: A multi-regional input-output analysis for carbon, sulphur oxide and water footprints.Journal of environmental management,187, 571-585. lvarez, M. E. P., Brcena, M. M., Gonzlez, F. A. (2017). On the sustainability of machining processes. Proposal for a unified framework through the triple bottom-line from an understanding review.Journal of Cleaner Production,142, 3890-3904. Bals, L., Tate, W. (Eds.). (2017).Implementing Triple Bottom Line Sustainability Into Global Supply Chains. Routledge. Cohen, B., Muoz, P. (2017). Entering Conscious Consumer Markets: Toward a New Generation of Sustainability Strategies.California Management Review,59(4), 23-48. Della Porta, M. G., Jackson, C. H., Alessandrino, E. P., Rossi, M., Bacigalupo, A., van Lint, M. T., Santini, V. (2017). Decision analysis of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome stratified according to the revised International Prognostic Scoring System.Leukemia,31(11), 2449. Eleftheriadou, M., Pyrgiotakis, G., Demokritou, P. (2017). Nanotechnology to the rescue: using nano-enabled approaches in microbiological food safety and quality.Current opinion in biotechnology,44, 87-93. Gallego-lvarez, I., Ortas, E. (2017). Corporate environmental sustainability reporting in the context of national cultures: A quantile regression approach.International Business Review,26(2), 337-353. Gouchev, V., Knowles, P., Sharp, R., Psaltakis, E., Lauro, T. (2017). Streamlined Multi Facility Residuals and Biosolids Master Planning with Triple Bottom Line Optimization.Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation,2017(14), 1121-1132. He, Q., Ghobadian, A., Ramanathan, R., Gallear, D. (2018). Managing knowledge in supply chains: a catalyst to triple bottom line sustainability.Production Planning and Control. Kim, Y. (2017). Consumer responses to the food industrys proactive and passive environmental CSR, factoring in price as CSR tradeoff.Journal of business ethics,140(2), 307-321. Lpez, B., Monfort, A. (2017). Creating Shared Value in the Context of Sustainability: The Communication Strategy of MNCs. InCorporate Governance and Strategic Decision Making. InTech. Paloviita, A. (2017). Food Security Is None Of Your Business?: Food Supply Chain Management In Support Of A Sustainable Food System.Operations and Supply Chain Management,10. PepsiCo. (2018). Sustainability Report 2016. Accessed on 7th April 2018 from https://www.pepsico.com/docs/album/sustainability-reporting/pep_csr16_091317.pdf PepsiCo. (2018). Sustainability Reporting. Accessed on 7th April 2018 from https://www.pepsico.com/sustainability/sustainability-reporting Rodger, J. A., George, J. A. (2017). Triple bottom line accounting for optimizing natural gas sustainability: A statistical linear programming fuzzy ILOWA optimized sustainment model approach to reducing supply chain global cybersecurity vulnerability through information and communications technology.Journal of cleaner production,142, 1931-1949. Rodrigues, S. M., Demokritou, P., Dokoozlian, N., Hendren, C. O., Karn, B., Mauter, M. S., Welle, P. (2017). Nanotechnology for sustainable food production: promising opportunities and scientific challenges.Environmental Science: Nano,4(4), 767-781. Sehrawat, S. (2017). Pepsicos Sustainable Strategies. IRACST International Journal of Commerce, Business and Management (IJCBM). Vol. 6. Pp. 142-143. Silalertruksa, T., Gheewala, S. H., Pongpat, P., Kaenchan, P., Permpool, N., Lecksiwilai, N., Mungkung, R. (2017). Environmental sustainability of oil palm cultivation in different regions of Thailand: Greenhouse gases and water use impact.Journal of Cleaner Production,167, 1009-1019. Sroufe, R., Joseph, S. (Eds.). (2017).Strategic sustainability: the state of the art in corporate environmental management systems. Routledge. Svensson, G., Ferro, C., Hogevold, N., Padin, C., Sosa Varela, J. C. (2018). Developing a theory of focal company business sustainability efforts in connection with supply chain stakeholders.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,23(1), 16-32. Tischner, U., St, E., Kjrnes, U., Tukker, A. (Eds.). (2017).System Innovation for Sustainability 3: Case Studies in Sustainable Consumption and ProductionFood and Agriculture. Routledge. Wei, G., Alsaadi, F. E., Hayat, T., Alsaedi, A. (2017). A linear assignment method for multiple criteria decision analysis with hesitant fuzzy sets based on fuzzy measure.International Journal of Fuzzy Systems,19(3), 607-614.